Illustrated Guide to Lesbian and Gay Rights Issues

Globalization And Its Impact On Environment - 1380 Words

Globalisation is the process where world communicates through technology, politics and trade. It is a method of communication and combination among the individuals, businesses, and managements of different countries. Globalisation means a mostly economic event, mixture of national economic organisations and the fast increase in cross-border economic, cultural and technological exchange (The Australian APEC study centre, 2002). Globalisation has affected various nations in a different way such as Economically, Socially and politically. Globalization helps to increases an International Trade, mainly creation of new trade treaty between the developing and developed countries. Globalization binds nations together (Tverberg, G., 2013). The most important thing of globalization is impact on environment is that, there is an improvement on use of resources and awareness. There is a worldwide market for the companies and customers which creates good way to get product easily from differe nt countries. This creates steady cash flow into developing countries thus globalization has more benefited to developing countries than developed countries (Jessicahbrt/March 2007). Many people believe that globalization has benefited developed country more than developing countries. However, I strongly disagree that globalization has benefited developed countries more than developing countries. As developing countries has many benefits and developed countries faces some problems due toShow MoreRelatedThe Impact Of Globalization On The Environment1555 Words   |  7 PagesIt is widely accepted today that human influence since the advent of the industrial revolution has rapidly increased the negative changes in the Earth s environment.1 In the modern era, the processes and effects of the forces of globalisation can be seen to be exacerbating the problem of environmental decline exponentially. For the purposes of this essay, globalisation can be defined as â€Å"the increased int erconnectedness and interdependance of peoples and countries†, involving â€Å"...the opening ofRead MoreImpact Of Globalization On The Environment1750 Words   |  7 Pagesresistance, as anxiety-coping mechanisms, and as networks of solidarity and community (Karner et. al, 2004). The impact globalisation has had upon local religious practices is exemplified by the Batek people of the Peninsular Malaysia, a small population of 1,500 people, whose religion is deeply embedded in their local environment, and processes of globalisation have transformed that environment radically. Hence, as a result of globalisation the importance of geographical spaces, both in the past and theRead MoreImpact Of Globalization On The Business Environment1732 Words   |  7 PagesGlobalization has created a great amount of advantages and disadvantages for businesses of all different varieties. International business relationships have allowed companies to operate more efficiently by moving manufa cturing to foreign nations that offer cheaper labor (Petri, 1991). Additionally, the business environment is greatly impacted by global forces that may put organizations at a disadvantage (Lowe McCrohan, 1989). When companies operate on a global level, they are expected to respondRead MoreThe Impact Of Globalization On The Business Environment1356 Words   |  6 Pagesbusiness operational environment is now characterized by high volatilities and uncertainties than it ever had. Globalization has become the order of the day and a reality to all players both on the domestic and international scene. Those firms that has become oblivious of the global economy are destined to the archives of business history. Corporate strategist are kept busy constructing and coining new strategies to cope with the changing environment. The business environment has become increasinglyRead MoreImpact Of Globalization On Business Environment1713 Words   |  7 Pagesthat greatly impact the continual su ccess of a business. More so we live in era where these changes are only accelerating increasing uncertainty and the growing complexity of the business world. Economic power continues to shift eastward and different markets and trade linkages are emerging causing the boundaries between industry and sectors to blurring. Discontinuities and megatrends are an inherent part of today’s business environment and it is important the businesses assess the impact of both theseRead MoreImpact Of Globalization On The Business Environment2094 Words   |  9 Pagesin one corner of the world affects what happens in the rest of the world. Doing business is no more limited to just national borders. Joint ventures, international consumers/customers and global supply chains are gradually changing the business environment. Previous studies in international business have described the internationalization process of an organization as the path it takes to increase its presence internationally (Welch and Luoustarinen, 1988). Herman, (2008) referred to internationalizationRead MoreImpact Of Globalization On The International Security Environment954 Words   |  4 PagesGlobalization Without question, globalization has had an impact on the international security environment. More than ever before, nation-states are able to communicate, trade and war with other countries with unprecedented speed. Yet, even in a globalized system, traditional security theories are still valid. Globalization has played an undisputed role in giving non-state actors, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) and intergovernmental organizations (IGOs) a voice in the international securityRead MoreThe Impact Of Globalization On The Workplace Environments Of Different Cultures Essay1710 Words   |  7 Pages Under current United States law, â€Å"a work environment is considered discriminatory only if it is pervasively hostile or abusive† (Green 658). Thus, judgements based on looks are completely tolerated, as aesthetic discrimination is arguably not abusive. Iranian scholar Zahra Ghordati notes in her recent publication, â€Å"The Influence of Globalization on ‘Lookism’ in Workplace Environments of Different Cultures†, that â€Å"individuals should be free to discriminate on the basis of their own values. This meansRead MoreImpact Of Globalization On The Communities Of Persons And Environments1912 Words   |  8 Pagessourcing pursued with a social purpose† to effect change for communities of persons and environments in need of preservation (Theroux, 1993, p.7). Their financial giving was at the highest level realized by â€Å"any U.S. public company† (Theroux, 1993, p.8). By operating the business in a way which valued the contributions of em ployees at every level and supported all employees (Theroux, 1993, p.8). The main differentiating factor was that the brand valued social steward as highly as it did financialRead MoreImpact of Globalization on Sme with Respect to Tanzanian Environment9022 Words   |  37 Pagesbe an enormous shift of economic power from today’s rich countries to what are still labeled DCs, and especially to Asian DCs This shift is the likely result of the ongoing globalization of economic activities, i.e. the increasing worldwide integration of markets for goods, capital and, last not least, labour. Globalization refers to an evolving pattern of cross-border activities of firms involving international investment, trade and cooperation for purposes of product development, production and

Mandatory Overtime free essay sample

According to Trinkoff (2007), mandatory overtime has long term negative effects on the health of the nurse as well, who usually does not have the option simply to decline these extra hours. The nurse who is mandated for overtime often faces termination if she fails to comply, and according to the American Nurses Association (ANA Board of Directors, 2009), may face the additional threat of being reported to the state nursing board for abandoning their patients, which also carries with it the implied threat of suspension or loss of their state nursing license. In the past twenty five years the nation has faced a severe shortage of available nurses in the workforce, and â€Å"†¦ (b)y 2005, roughly half a million U. S. registered nurses (about one fifth of the national total) had chosen not to work in nursing. † (The Truth About Nursing, 2007) However, with the recent recession of 2008, nursing as a profession is beginning to look more attractive to a younger generation, and according to the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (2012), nursing school enrollment is at an eight year high as of 2011, and many schools now have waiting lists to get into a nursing program (Rampell, C. We will write a custom essay sample on Mandatory Overtime or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 2012). There are several political stakeholders in this issue who are directly involved in seeing nurses’ overtime hours brought down to a reasonable level. Nurse and patient advocate groups and nurses’ unions are obviously concerned in the issue of mandatory overtime and in several states have brought the issue to their legislatures and helped to pass bills ending the practice; these include New York (Webber, N. , 2008), Texas (Texas Nurse Association, 2009) and Massachusetts (Massachusetts Nurses Association, 008). One of these advocacy groups is the above mentioned Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, the largest private health care advocacy foundation in the Unites States, research done on behalf of which finds that caps on nursing overtime directly benefit the patient (Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, 2012). Nursing unions generally would be expected to be vocal advocates for limiting overtime hours, and one study finds that overtime hours in nursing does in fact vary a ccording to union membership (Berney, B. Needleman, J. , Kovner, C. , 2005). As early as 2000 the ANA House of Delegates has adopted an action â€Å"Opposing the Use of Mandatory Overtime as a Staffing Solution† (ANA Board of Directors, 2006), and supports the Safe Nursing and Patient Care Act, legislation at the federal level which would limit the number of overtime hours a nurse may be required to work. Policy Goals and Options The policy goal at hand is to decrease the use of mandatory overtime by hospitals to cover staffing shortfalls. According to Fitzgerald (2012), although nurses nationwide have attempted to work with management to utilize new ideas for avoiding the use of mandatory overtime, over the years no solution has been found that is equitable to both parties. Failing in this, the nurses and their advocacy groups have applied to their state legislatures, with the American Nurses Association (2012) helping to introduce bills in 22 states limiting the use of mandatory overtime as a staffing tool, or for reasons other than certain specific and unforeseeable emergency conditions. The goal of this new policy is to aid both nurse and patient, and the policy is demonstrably effective toward that end: according to the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (2012), any documented decrease in mandatory overtime has led to a decrease in errors, in nurse injuries, and in the rate of burnout caused by mandatory overtime which, according to Garret (2008), is the number one reason why nurses have left the profession. With both the reduction in burnout and the increase in nursing school applicants, healthcare institutions will have a larger pool of applicants to fill openings in their workforce, decreasing the shortage in general, and making the use of mandatory overtime as a staffing tool even less tenable. In spite of these advances, hospital administrations often work with staffing shortfalls due to budgetary constraints, leaving nurses overwhelmed by patient load and leading again to errors and burnout. Another policy option that has helped in this regard has been the drive to enact laws which specify maximum nurse to patient ratios; California is the first state in the nation to enact such legislation, according to Kasprak (2004). One study by Aiken et. al. , (2010) has shown that a decreased nurse to patient ration leads to better outcomes for the patient in terms of decreased mortality, decreased infection rates, and increased patient satisfaction. Garret (2008) notes that nurses with better patient ratios have fewer injuries, call out sick less, and are more likely to remain in the workforce, all of which tends to alleviate short staffing issues. This also benefits the hospital because staff turnover is an avoidable expense, and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (2009) estimates a cost to train each nurse of $32,000. 00 on average, a considerable expense to incur with any frequency. Evaluation of Options Nurses may be encouraged to work with employers to eliminate mandatory overtime through such options as flex staffing. In the event of staffing shortfalls, agency or contract nurse staffing may be considered. According to Mongiello (2007) the cost to hire an agency or contract staffer is equivalent to hiring a new employee, and the employer retains the option of terminating the work relationship at any time. Nurse administrators should evaluate the cost of hiring additional employees against the expenses of mandatory overtime – including hidden costs. As noted, the estimated cost of training each nurse is an average of $32,000. 0, which figure does not include benefits. This may be set against not only direct payroll costs of overtime, but also costs of lost productivity from burnout which leads to high turnover. Finally, Pappas (2008) finds that, on average, a single nurse error costs $903. 00 per incident. Employers should be encouraged periodically to evaluate nurse job satisfaction, especially as related to overtime and its effects on employee retention, since it has been listed as a facto r in their choice by nurses who leave the field (Tawoda, T. , 2012). Job satisfaction among existing staff is a clear and direct path to avoiding high rates of turnover, and the subsequent costs of new hiring as detailed above. This would also give the employer the means by which to build a more experienced nursing staff, and to develop an ongoing employer/employee relationship, leading again to better staff retention and lower training costs. Recommended Solution The easiest and most viable option is for the employer to hire additional nurses, or to otherwise increase staffing levels through agency or contract staffing. They will be aided in this by the growth of a new pool of graduate nurses subsequent to increased rates of attendance in nursing schools as noted above (Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, 2012). If employers fail to recognize the benefits in the reduced turnover, lower error rates, and higher patient and nurse satisfaction inherent in lower nurse to patient staffing ratios and lower incidences of mandated overtime hours, then in their own and their patients’ best interests, nurses should become active in the political process so that their concerns may be addressed at the legislative level as a regulatory issue.